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	<title>FLARIA.com</title>
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	<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com</link>
	<description>welcome to flaria</description>
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		<title>FLARIA.com</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com</link>
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		<item>
		<title>OSI 7계층</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2011/05/24/osi-7%ea%b3%84%ec%b8%b5/</link>
		<comments>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2011/05/24/osi-7%ea%b3%84%ec%b8%b5/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 May 2011 04:03:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>synchrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[term]]></category>

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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_%EB%AA%A8%ED%98%95">http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_%EB%AA%A8%ED%98%95</a></p>
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			<media:title type="html">synchrong</media:title>
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	</item>
		<item>
		<title>네이티드 랭귀지 &amp; 매니지드 랭귀지</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2011/05/16/%eb%84%a4%ec%9d%b4%ed%8b%b0%eb%93%9c-%eb%9e%ad%ea%b7%80%ec%a7%80-%eb%a7%a4%eb%8b%88%ec%a7%80%eb%93%9c-%eb%9e%ad%ea%b7%80%ec%a7%80/</link>
		<comments>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2011/05/16/%eb%84%a4%ec%9d%b4%ed%8b%b0%eb%93%9c-%eb%9e%ad%ea%b7%80%ec%a7%80-%eb%a7%a4%eb%8b%88%ec%a7%80%eb%93%9c-%eb%9e%ad%ea%b7%80%ec%a7%80/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 16 May 2011 09:07:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>synchrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[term]]></category>

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		<title>투영 (projection)</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2011/03/09/%ed%88%ac%ec%98%81-projection/</link>
		<comments>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2011/03/09/%ed%88%ac%ec%98%81-projection/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 08 Mar 2011 18:27:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>synchrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[R3]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://flaria.wordpress.com/?p=342</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[투영 : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projection_(linear_algebra)    └ 원근 투영(Perspective projection) : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_projection    └ 평행 투영(Parallel projection) : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_projection        └ Oblique projection : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblique_projection            └ Cavalier projection            └ Cabinet projection        └ 직교(정) 투영(Orthographic projection) : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographic_projection            └ Axonometric projection : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axonometric_projection                └등각(등축) 투영(Isometric projection)  : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isometric_projection                └부등각 [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=flaria.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3300921&amp;post=342&amp;subd=flaria&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align:left;">투영 : <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projection_(linear_algebra">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projection_(linear_algebra</a>)<br />
   └ 원근 투영(Perspective projection) : <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_projection">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_projection</a><br />
   └ 평행 투영(Parallel projection) : <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_projection">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_projection</a><br />
       └ Oblique projection : <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblique_projection">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblique_projection</a><br />
           └ Cavalier projection<br />
           └ Cabinet projection<br />
       └ 직교(정) 투영(Orthographic projection) : <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographic_projection">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographic_projection</a><br />
           └ Axonometric projection : <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axonometric_projection">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axonometric_projection</a><br />
               └등각(등축) 투영(Isometric projection)  : <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isometric_projection">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isometric_projection</a><br />
               └부등각 투영(Unisometric projection )<br />
                  └Dimetric projection<br />
                  └Trimetric projection<br />
           └ Multiview projection</p>
<p>기타 : <a href="http://www.tpub.com/engbas/5.htm">http://www.tpub.com/engbas/5.htm</a></p>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	
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			<media:title type="html">synchrong</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>사원수 (Quaternion)</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/27/%ec%82%ac%ec%9b%90%ec%88%98-quaternion/</link>
		<comments>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/27/%ec%82%ac%ec%9b%90%ec%88%98-quaternion/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Dec 2010 11:13:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>synchrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[abstract algebra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[categories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[R3]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://flaria.wordpress.com/?p=339</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[출처 : http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=flaria.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3300921&amp;post=339&amp;subd=flaria&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>출처 : <a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98">http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98</a></p>
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			<media:title type="html">synchrong</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>레스터화(Rasterisation)</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/21/%eb%a0%88%ec%8a%a4%ed%84%b0%ed%99%94rasterisation/</link>
		<comments>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/21/%eb%a0%88%ec%8a%a4%ed%84%b0%ed%99%94rasterisation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Dec 2010 10:50:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>synchrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[R3]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://flaria.wordpress.com/?p=332</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[출처 : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasterisation#Spatial_data_structures<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=flaria.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3300921&amp;post=332&amp;subd=flaria&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>출처 : <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasterisation#Spatial_data_structures">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasterisation#Spatial_data_structures</a></p>
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			<media:title type="html">synchrong</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>아핀 변환(Affine transformation)</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/21/%ec%95%84%ed%95%80-%eb%b3%80%ed%99%98affine-transformation/</link>
		<comments>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/21/%ec%95%84%ed%95%80-%eb%b3%80%ed%99%98affine-transformation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Dec 2010 10:39:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>synchrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[abstract algebra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[categories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linear algebra]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://flaria.wordpress.com/?p=328</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[출처 : http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%95%80%EB%B3%80%ED%99%98<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=flaria.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3300921&amp;post=328&amp;subd=flaria&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>출처 : <a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%95%80%EB%B3%80%ED%99%98">http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%95%80%EB%B3%80%ED%99%98</a></p>
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			<media:title type="html">synchrong</media:title>
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	</item>
		<item>
		<title>외적, 벡터곱 (Cross product)</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/21/%ec%99%b8%ec%a0%81-%eb%b2%a1%ed%84%b0%ea%b3%b1-cross-product/</link>
		<comments>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/21/%ec%99%b8%ec%a0%81-%eb%b2%a1%ed%84%b0%ea%b3%b1-cross-product/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Dec 2010 10:37:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>synchrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[abstract algebra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[categories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linear algebra]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://flaria.wordpress.com/?p=325</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[출처 : http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%99%B8%EC%A0%81<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=flaria.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3300921&amp;post=325&amp;subd=flaria&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>출처 : <a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%99%B8%EC%A0%81">http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%99%B8%EC%A0%81</a></p>
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			<media:title type="html">synchrong</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>선형변환(linear transformation)</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/21/%ec%84%a0%ed%98%95%eb%b3%80%ed%99%98linear-transformation/</link>
		<comments>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/21/%ec%84%a0%ed%98%95%eb%b3%80%ed%99%98linear-transformation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Dec 2010 10:35:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>synchrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[abstract algebra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[categories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linear algebra]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://flaria.wordpress.com/?p=323</guid>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>출처 : <a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%A0%ED%98%95%EB%B3%80%ED%99%98">http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%A0%ED%98%95%EB%B3%80%ED%99%98</a></p>
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		<title>전위곱과 후위곱 (pre-multiplication, post-multiplication)</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/12/21/%ec%a0%84%ec%9c%84%ea%b3%b1%ea%b3%bc-%ed%9b%84%ec%9c%84%ea%b3%b1-pre-multiplication-post-multiplication/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Dec 2010 10:26:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>synchrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[abstract algebra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linear algebra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[R3]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[term]]></category>

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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8230;</p>
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			<media:title type="html">synchrong</media:title>
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		<title>교환(Commutativity)/분배(Distributivity)/결합(Associativity) 법칙</title>
		<link>http://flaria.wordpress.com/2010/10/31/%ea%b5%90%ed%99%98commutativity%eb%b6%84%eb%b0%b0distributivity%ea%b2%b0%ed%95%a9associativity-%eb%b2%95%ec%b9%99/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 30 Oct 2010 19:12:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>synchrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[abstract algebra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[categories]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://flaria.wordpress.com/?p=311</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[교환법칙 위키백과 ― 우리 모두의 백과사전. 이동: 둘러보기, 찾기 수학에서, 집합 S 에 이항연산 * 이 정의되어 있을 때, S의 임의의 두 원소 a, b 에 대해 a * b = b * a 가 성립하면, 이 연산은 교환법칙(交換法則, commutative law)을 만족한다고 한다. 이때 연산은 가환(可換, commutative)이라고도 한다. 교환법칙을 만족하지 않는 연산은 비가환(非可換, non-commutative)이라고 한다. [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=flaria.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3300921&amp;post=311&amp;subd=flaria&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h1 id="firstHeading">교환법칙</h1>
<p><!-- /firstHeading --><!-- bodyContent --><!-- tagline --></p>
<div id="siteSub">위키백과 ― 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div>
<p><!-- /tagline --><!-- subtitle --><!-- /subtitle --><!-- jumpto --></p>
<div id="jump-to-nav">이동: <a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%99%98%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99#mw-head">둘러보기</a>, <a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%99%98%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99#p-search">찾기</a></div>
<p><!-- /jumpto --><!-- bodytext --><a title="수학" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%95%99">수학</a>에서, <a title="집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">집합</a> <em>S</em> 에 <a title="이항연산" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%ED%95%AD%EC%97%B0%EC%82%B0">이항연산</a> * 이 정의되어 있을 때, <em>S</em>의 임의의 두 원소 <em>a</em>, <em>b</em> 에 대해</p>
<div>
<dl>
<dd><em>a</em> * <em>b</em> = <em>b</em> * <em>a</em></dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p>가 성립하면, 이 연산은 <strong>교환법칙</strong>(交換法則, commutative law)을 만족한다고 한다. 이때 연산은 <strong>가환</strong>(可換, commutative)이라고도 한다. 교환법칙을 만족하지 않는 연산은 <strong>비가환</strong>(非可換, non-commutative)이라고 한다.</p>
<p>예를 들어 <a title="자연수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%97%B0%EC%88%98">자연수</a> 집합에서 <a title="덧셈" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%A7%EC%85%88">덧셈</a>과 <a title="곱셈" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%B1%EC%85%88">곱셈</a>은 교환법칙을 만족한다.</p>
<ul>
<li>4 + 5 = 5 + 4</li>
<li>2 × 3 = 3 × 2</li>
</ul>
<p>그러나 <a title="뺄셈" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%BA%84%EC%85%88">뺄셈</a>과 <a title="나눗셈" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%88%97%EC%85%88">나눗셈</a>은 일반적으로 교환법칙을 만족하지 않는다.</p>
<ul>
<li>4 − 5 ≠ 5 − 4</li>
<li>6 ÷ 3 ≠ 3 ÷ 6</li>
</ul>
<p>교환법칙을 만족하는 연산의 예를 들어보면 다음과 같다.</p>
<ul>
<li><a title="유리수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%88%98">유리수</a>, <a title="실수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98">실수</a>, <a title="복소수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98">복소수</a>에서 덧셈과 곱셈.</li>
<li><a title="행렬" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%96%89%EB%A0%AC">행렬</a>, <a title="벡터 (선형대수학) (존재하지 않는 문서)" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%A1%ED%84%B0_(%EC%84%A0%ED%98%95%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1">벡터</a>의 덧셈</li>
<li><a title="집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">집합</a>의 <a title="교집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">교집합</a>, <a title="합집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%A9%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">합집합</a> 연산</li>
</ul>
<p>교환법칙을 만족하지 않는 예는 다음과 같다.</p>
<ul>
<li><a title="행렬" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%96%89%EB%A0%AC">행렬</a>의 곱셈. 3차원 <a title="벡터 (선형대수학) (존재하지 않는 문서)" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%A1%ED%84%B0_(%EC%84%A0%ED%98%95%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1">벡터</a>의 <a title="외적" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%99%B8%EC%A0%81">외적</a></li>
<li>사상 (수학)의 합성</li>
<li><a title="사원수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98">사원수</a>의 곱셈</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>분배법칙</strong>(分配法則)이란 <a title="수학" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%95%99">수학</a>에서, 상세히 말하자면 <a title="추상대수학" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B6%94%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%ED%95%99">추상대수학</a>에서, <a title="이항연산" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%ED%95%AD%EC%97%B0%EC%82%B0">이항연산</a>에 대한 성질로 다음과 같은 곱셈과 덧셈에 대한 <a title="초등대수 (존재하지 않는 문서)" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EC%B4%88%EB%93%B1%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1">초등대수</a>에서의 분배법칙</p>
<dl>
<dd>4 · (2 + 3) = (4 · 2) + (4 · 3)</dd>
</dl>
<p>을 일반화 시킨 것이다.</p>
<h2>분배법칙의 정의 [<a title="부분 편집: 분배법칙의 정의" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EB%B6%84%EB%B0%B0%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1">편집</a>]</h2>
<p>주어진 집합 <strong>S</strong> 와 <strong>S</strong>에 대한 두 <a title="이항연산" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%ED%95%AD%EC%97%B0%EC%82%B0">이항연산</a> • 와 + 에 대해, 만약 연산 • 이</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>S</strong>의 임의의 원소 x, y, z 에 대해</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>x • (y + z) = (x • y) + (x • z);</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dd>이 성립하면 연산 • 은 연산 + 에 대해 <strong>좌분배법칙</strong>(left-distributive)이 성립한다고 한다.</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><strong>S</strong>의 임의의 원소 x, y, z 에 대해</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>(y + z) • x = (y • x) + (z • x);</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dd>이 성립하면 연산 • 은 연산 + 에 대해 <strong>우분배법칙</strong>(right-distributive)이 성립한다고 한다.</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li>연산 + 에 대해 좌분배법칙과 우분배법칙이 모두 성립하면 연산 • 는 연산 + 에 대해 <strong>분배법칙</strong>이 성립한다고 한다.</li>
</ul>
<p>만약 연산 • 에 대해 <a title="교환법칙" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%99%98%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99">교환법칙</a>이 성립하면 위의 세 조건은 모두 논리적으로 동일하다.</p>
<h2>분배법칙의 예 [<a title="부분 편집: 분배법칙의 예" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EB%B6%84%EB%B0%B0%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2">편집</a>]</h2>
<ul>
<li>임의의 <a title="자연수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%97%B0%EC%88%98">자연수</a>, <a title="정수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98">정수</a>, <a title="유리수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%88%98">유리수</a>, <a title="실수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98">실수</a>, <a title="복소수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98">복소수</a>의 곱셈 ×은 덧셈 ＋에 대해 분배법칙이 성립한다.</li>
<li><a title="합집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%A9%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">합집합</a> 연산 ∪은 <a title="교집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">교집합</a> 연산 ∩에 대해 분배법칙이 성립하고, <a title="교집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">교집합</a> 연산 ∩은 <a title="합집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%A9%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">합집합</a> 연산 ∪에 대해 분배법칙이 성립한다. 또한, <a title="교집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">교집합</a> 연산은 <a title="대칭자 (존재하지 않는 문서)" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EB%8C%80%EC%B9%AD%EC%9E%90&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1">대칭자</a> 연산에 대해 분배법칙이 성립한다.</li>
<li>임의의 <a title="실수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98">실수</a> (또는 임의의 <a title="완전 순서집합 (존재하지 않는 문서)" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EC%99%84%EC%A0%84_%EC%88%9C%EC%84%9C%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1">완전 순서집합</a>) <em>a, b, c</em> 에 대해, <a title="최대값 (존재하지 않는 문서)" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EC%B5%9C%EB%8C%80%EA%B0%92&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1">최대값</a> 연산 max은 <a title="최소값 (존재하지 않는 문서)" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EC%B5%9C%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%92&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1">최소값</a> 연산 min에 대해 분배법칙이 성립하고, 그 역 또한 참이다.</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>max(<em>a</em>, min(<em>b, c</em>)) = min(max(<em>a, b</em>),max(<em>a, c</em>))</dd>
<dd>min(<em>a</em>, max(<em>b, c</em>)) = max(min(<em>a, b</em>),min(<em>a, c</em>))</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li>임의의 <a title="정수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98">정수</a> a, b, c에 대해, <a title="최대공약수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B5%9C%EB%8C%80%EA%B3%B5%EC%95%BD%EC%88%98">최대공약수</a> 연산 gcd는 <a title="최소공배수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B5%9C%EC%86%8C%EA%B3%B5%EB%B0%B0%EC%88%98">최소공배수</a> 연산 lcm에 대해 분배법칙이 성립하고, 그 역 또한 참이다.</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>gcd(<em>a</em>, lcm(<em>b, c</em>)) = lcm(gcd(<em>a, b</em>),gcd(<em>a, c</em>))</dd>
<dd>lcm(<em>a</em>, gcd(<em>b, c</em>)) = gcd(lcm(<em>a, b</em>),lcm(<em>a, c</em>))</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li>임의의 <a title="실수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98">실수</a> a, b, c 에 대해, 덧셈 ＋은 최대값 연산 max 와 최소값 연산 min에 대해 분배법칙이 성립한다.</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd><em>a</em> + max(<em>b, c</em>) = max(<em>a</em> + <em>b, a</em> + <em>c</em>)</dd>
<dd><em>a</em> + min(<em>b, c</em>) = min(<em>a</em> + <em>b, a</em> + <em>c</em>)</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="firstHeading">결합법칙</h1>
<p><!-- /firstHeading --><!-- bodyContent --></p>
<div id="bodyContent"><!-- tagline --></p>
<div id="siteSub">위키백과 ― 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div>
<p><!-- /tagline --><!-- subtitle --><!-- /subtitle --><!-- jumpto --></p>
<div id="jump-to-nav">이동: <a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%B0%ED%95%A9%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99#mw-head">둘러보기</a>, <a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%B0%ED%95%A9%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99#p-search">찾기</a></div>
<p><!-- /jumpto --><!-- bodytext --><a title="수학" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%95%99">수학</a>에서 <strong>결합법칙</strong>(結合 法則)은 <a title="이항연산" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%ED%95%AD%EC%97%B0%EC%82%B0">이항연산</a>이 만족하거나 만족하지 않는 성질이다. 한 식에서 연산이 두번 이상 연속될 때, 앞쪽의 연산을 먼저 계산한 값과 뒤쪽의 연산을 먼저 계산한 결과가 항상 같을 경우 그 연산은 <strong>결합법칙을 만족한다</strong>고 한다.</p>
<p><a title="실수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98">실수</a>의 <a title="덧셈" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%A7%EC%85%88">덧셈</a>과 <a title="곱셈" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%B1%EC%85%88">곱셈</a>은 결합법칙을 만족한다. 예를 들어 다음 식은 참이다.</p>
<dl>
<dd>(2 + 3) + 5 = 2 + (3 + 5)</dd>
</dl>
<p>결합법칙이 성립하지 않는 가장 쉬운 예는 <a title="실수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98">실수</a>의 <a title="뺄셈" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%BA%84%EC%85%88">뺄셈</a>일 것이다. 다음 식에서,</p>
<dl>
<dd>(8 &#8211; 7) &#8211; 3 ≠ 8 &#8211; (7 &#8211; 3)</dd>
</dl>
<p>좌변과 우변의 결과값은 각각 -2와 4로 서로 다르다. 따라서 실수는 뺄셈에 대하여 결합법칙이 성립하지 않는다.</p>
<h2>정의 [<a title="부분 편집: 정의" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EA%B2%B0%ED%95%A9%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1">편집</a>]</h2>
<p><a title="집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">집합</a> <em>S</em>에 대해 정의된 이항 연산 * 이 결합법칙을 만족하면 다음 식이 성립한다.</p>
<dl>
<dd><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/c/a/8/ca8c357557dcc6e8dff042a2e7bb054e.png" alt="(x*y)*z = x*(y*z)\qquad\forall x,y,z \in S" /></dd>
</dl>
<p>이 때 좌변과 우변의 값은 연산을 수행하는 순서에 영향을 받지 않는다. 이 법칙은 * 연산이 세 번 이상 나타날 때에도 확장해서 적용할 수 있으며, 따라서 * 가 결합법칙을 만족하면 연산 순서를 따로 지정하지 않아도 모호함 없이 수식의 값이 결정된다. 따라서 보통 위의 수식을 괄호 없이 다음과 같이 쓴다.</p>
<dl>
<dd><em>x</em> * <em>y</em> * <em>z</em></dd>
</dl>
<h2>예시 [<a title="부분 편집: 예시" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EA%B2%B0%ED%95%A9%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2">편집</a>]</h2>
<ul>
<li><a title="실수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98">실수</a>와 <a title="복소수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98">복소수</a>, <a title="사원수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98">사원수</a>의 <a title="덧셈" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%A7%EC%85%88">덧셈</a>과 <a title="곱셈" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%B1%EC%85%88">곱셈</a>은 결합법칙이 성립한다. <a title="팔원수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%94%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98">팔원수</a>의 덧셈도 결합법칙이 성립하지만 곱셈은 성립하지 않는다.</li>
<li><a title="최대공약수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B5%9C%EB%8C%80%EA%B3%B5%EC%95%BD%EC%88%98">최대공약수</a>와 <a title="최소공배수" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B5%9C%EC%86%8C%EA%B3%B5%EB%B0%B0%EC%88%98">최소공배수</a> 함수는 결합법칙을 만족한다. 즉,</li>
<li><a title="행렬 곱셈 (존재하지 않는 문서)" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%ED%96%89%EB%A0%AC_%EA%B3%B1%EC%85%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1">행렬 곱셈</a>은 결합법칙을 만족한다. 또한 선형 변환이 행렬의 곱셈으로 표현되므로 선형 변환 역시 결합법칙을 만족한다.</li>
<li><a title="집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">집합</a>의 <a title="교집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">교집합</a>과 <a title="합집합" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%A9%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9">합집합</a> 연산은 각각 결합법칙이 성립한다.</li>
<li>각 함수의 정의역과 치역이 올바르게 정의된 <a title="함수 합성 (존재하지 않는 문서)" href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98_%ED%95%A9%EC%84%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1">함수 합성</a>도 결합법칙을 만족한다. 즉 <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/1/6/5/16568f0933f2d04bb46d351936c6f9fa.png" alt="h: M \to N, \ g: N \to P, \ f: P \to Q" />인 세 함수가 있을 때,
<dl>
<dd><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/d/8/f/d8fde79d7ec5f54c46ab8f6e04925c27.png" alt="(f \circ g) \circ h = f \circ (g \circ h) = f \circ g \circ h" /></dd>
</dl>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
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		<media:content url="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/bac1d28fe67bf82cf084baa16c1ec434?s=96&#38;d=identicon&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">synchrong</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/c/a/8/ca8c357557dcc6e8dff042a2e7bb054e.png" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">(x*y)*z = x*(y*z)\qquad\forall x,y,z \in S</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/1/6/5/16568f0933f2d04bb46d351936c6f9fa.png" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">h: M \to N, \ g: N \to P, \ f: P \to Q</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/d/8/f/d8fde79d7ec5f54c46ab8f6e04925c27.png" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">(f \circ g) \circ h = f \circ (g \circ h) = f \circ g \circ h</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
	</channel>
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